References

Physio-Stim

Garland DE, Moses B, Salver W. Fracture healing: Long-term follow-up of fracture nonunions treated with PEMFs. Contemp Orthop. 1991;22(3):295-302

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Long-term+follow-up+of+fracture+nonunions+treated+with+PEMFs

Cervical-Stim

Foley K, et al. Randomized, prospective, and controlled clinical trial of pulsed electromagnetic field stimulation for cervical fusion. The Spine Journal. 2008 May/June;8:436-442.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=randomized%2C+prospective%2C+and+controlled+clinical+trial+of+pulsed+electromagnetic+field+stimulation+for+cervical+fusion

Spinal-Stim

Mooney V. A randomized double-blind prospective study of the efficacy of pulsed electromagnetic fields of interbody lumbar fusions. Spine. 1990 July;15(7):708-12

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=A+randomized+double-blind+prospective+study+of+the+efficacy+of+pulsed+electromagnetic+fields+of+interbody+lumbar+fusions

Simmons JW, Mooney V, Thacker I. Pseudarthrosis after lumbar spine fusion: non-operative salvage with pulsed electromagnetic fields. American Journal of Orthopedics, 2004 Jan;33(1):27-30.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Pseudarthrosis+after+lumbar+spine+fusion%3A+non-operative+salvage+with+pulsed+electromagnetic+fields